在 2017 年国际抗癫痫联盟(International League Against Epilepsy,ILAE)的分类中,将失神发作定义为“全面性非运动性癫痫发作”5。最新的 2025 年 ILAE 分类中全面性发作中的失神发作不再标注“非运动性”,源于典型失神可伴自动症、头后仰等运动表现,不典型失神可能包含失张力现象。某些特殊失神类型(如眼睑肌阵挛伴失神)更以运动症状为特征6-7。
1. Fisher RS. The New Classification of Seizures by the International League Against Epilepsy 2017. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017 Jun. 17 (6):48.
2. Unterberger I, Trinka E, Kaplan PW, et al. Generalized nonmotor (absence) seizures-What do absence, generalized, and nonmotor mean? Epilepsia. 2018 Mar;59(3):523-529.
3. Guilhoto LM. Absence epilepsy: Continuum of clinical presentation and epigenetics? Seizure. 2017 Jan;44:53-57.