概述
An open fracture is defined as one in which the fracture
fragments communicate with the environment through a break
in the skin. The presence of an open fracture either isolated or as
part of a multiple injury complex increases the risk of infection
and soft tissue complications. In 1976, Gustilo and Anderson1
described a system to classify open fractures based on the size of
the associated laceration, the degree of soft issue injury, contamination,
and presence of vascular compromise. In a subsequent
article, Gustilo et al.2 refined the classification of severe
open fractures. In general, risk of infection and incidence of limb
loss correlate with the Gustilo type (Table 1).