1、临床评估:意大利和瑞士、中国指南推荐对有 EOS 高风险的新生儿留院观察至少 48 h,连续观察(至少每 4 h 评估一次)呼吸状况、精神、反应、肌张力、哺乳、心率、体温和外周灌注和肤色等指标。若发现气促、吸气性三凹征、呻吟、青紫、无法用环境因素解释的体温异常等症状,应及时转送新生儿科检查并使用抗生素。点此查看完整评估
2、抗菌治疗:
①疑似早发败血症(EOS):如能在生后 48~72 h 内排除诊断,则必须停用抗菌药;
②疑似晚发败血症(LOS):如血培养 36~48 h 未报阳性,且连续非特异检查指标正常,应及时停用抗菌药;血培养阴性的临床败血症患儿,抗菌疗程不应超过 7d;血培养阳性 LOS 抗菌疗程 10~14d,用药 2~3d 后血培养多转阴,如持续阳性则需调整药物。点此查看完整治疗
1. PolinRA. Management of neonates with suspected or proven early-onset bacterial sepsis[J]. Pediatrics, 2012, 129(5):1006-1015.
2. StollBJ,PuopoloKM,HansenNI,et al.Early-onset neonatal sepsis 2015 to 2017, the rise of escherichia coli, and the need for novel prevention strategies[J].JAMA Pediatr,2020,174(7):e200593.DOI:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0593.
3. Stoll BJ, Puopolo KM, Hansen NI et al (2020) Early-onset neonatal sepsis 2015 to 2017, the rise of Escherichia coli, and the need for novel prevention strategies. JAMA Pediatr 174:e200593.