异常子宫出血(abnormal uterine bleeding,AUB)是妇科临床常见的症状和疾病,指与正常月经的周期频率、规律性、经期长度、经期出血量中任何一项不符合、源自子宫腔的异常出血1。参照国际妇产科联盟(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics,FIGO)和国内的指南2,将 AUB 限定于生育期非妊娠妇女,因此排除了妊娠和产褥相关的出血,也不包含青春期前和绝经后出血。
排卵障碍性异常子宫出血(abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction,AUB-O)或无排卵性子宫出血是排卵障碍所导致的异常子宫出血,是一种非周期性子宫出血,其特征是月经不规律、经期延长且常出现月经过多3。其中多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)最为常见4。
1. Fraser IS, Critchley HO, Munro MG, et al. A process designed to lead to international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding. Fertil Steril. 2007 Mar;87(3):466-76. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.023.
3. Fraser IS, Hickey M, Song JY. A comparison of mechanisms underlying disturbances of bleeding caused by spontaneous dysfunctional uterine bleeding or hormonal contraception. Hum Reprod. 1996 Oct;11 Suppl 2:165-78. doi: 10.1093/humrep/11.suppl_2.165.