美国生殖医学学会(American Society for Reproductive Medicine,ASRM):超声检查或组织学确认后的临床妊娠出现 2 次或 2 次以上妊娠失败,不强调连续流产,不包括生化妊娠2;
英国皇家妇产科医师协会(Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,RCOG):与同一性伴侣连续发生 3 次或 3 次以上并于妊娠 24 周前的胎儿丢失,包含生化妊娠3;
欧洲人类生殖与胚胎学会(European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology,ESHRE):超声检查或组织学确认后的临床妊娠,或 血或尿人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,hCG)阳性诊断的妊娠,出现 2 次或 2 次以上并于妊娠 24 周前的胎儿丢失,包含生化妊娠4;
2. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion[J]. Fertil Steril, 2012, 98(5): 1103-1111. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048.
3. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. The investigation and treatment of couples with recurrent first-trimester and second-trimester miscarriage (Green-top Guideline No. 17). April 2011[EB/OL]. [2015-06-08].https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg_17.pdf.